SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Ulimwengu, John M.; Badiane, Ousmane.

The importance of health in promoting economic development has been forcefully stated by the World Health Organization’s Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. In this paper, we look at the impact of own household health expenses on malaria incidence and ultimately on agricultural efficiency. We use a non-parametric method to estimate agricultural efficiency, therefore avoiding the issue of identification of the proper household agricultural production function. In addition the simar-wilson approach followed in this paper accounts for bias induced by serial correlation among farmers. A Tobit model with endogenous health production function is used to estimate the impact of malaria incidence on agricultural efficiency. Data come from the 2006 National...

Changes in Rural Household Income Patterns in Mozambique, 1996-2002, and Implications for Agriculture’s Contribution to Poverty Reduction.

Palavras-chave: Malaria; Efficiency; Tobit; Health; Agriculture; Expenses; Household; Production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103839

Boughton, Duncan; Mather, David; Tschirley, David L.; Walker, Thomas S.; Cunguara, Benedito; Payongayong, Ellen M..

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique

Determinants of change in house-hold level of consumption and poverty in Uganda, 1992/93 - 1999/00

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household; Income; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56066

Benin, Samuel; Mugarura, Samuel.

Recent estimates showing increase in the incidence of poverty in Uganda has kindled interest in understanding the factors that cause changes in poverty, as the reversal of the positive trend in the 1990s threatens the government’s poverty eradication plan of reducing poverty to a level below 28% by 2014. Using a household and community panel dataset, this paper analyzes the factors contributing to change in household-level consumption and poverty.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Poverty reduction; Household; Economic aspects; Economic assistance; Consumption; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55407

Does Participation in Microfinance Programs Improve Household Incomes: Empirical Evidence From Makueni District, Kenya

Kiiru, Joy M.; Mburu, John G.; Klaus, Flohberg.

Although microfinance has elicited different reactions from different stakeholders, there seems to be a general agreement that it is useful in reducing poverty. This study is an attempt to contribute in to the debate on the impact of microfinance on household incomes. We use a pooled data set collected from the south western part of Makueni district in Kenya to study the households’ access to microfinance credit and how the credit affects their incomes. We control for household selection bias as well as endogenity problems in the sample. Cross sectional analysis fails to show any significant positive impact of microfinance on poverty reduction. Only after the inclusion of time dynamics in the study are we able to find a weak positive significance of...

Effects of Agricultural Commercialization on Land Tenure, Household Resource Allocation, and Nutrition in the Philippines

Palavras-chave: Household; Incomes; Kenya; Makueni; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52154

Bouis, Howarth E.; Haddad, Lawrence James.

Over the past several years IFPRI has undertaken research on the production, consumption, and nutrition effects of agricultural commercialization in The Gambia, Guatemala, Kenya, the Philippines, and Rwanda. While it is widely recognized that the commercialization of agriculture is essential to overall economic development, various rural population groups adapt differently to the process of commercialization, depending on the resources available to them, economic and social conditions, and government policies. Many households benefit in the form of higher incomes; others may suffer a decline in income. A particular concern of policymakers has been the effect of commercialization on nutrition. The purpose of these studies has been to analyze the process of...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Philippines; Produce trade; Land tenure; Household; Nutrition; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 1990

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42164

Effects of Ill Health and Weather Variability on Savings

Ndirangu, Lydia K..

This paper examines the effects of households’ shocks on saving behaviour. It investigates the possibility that households save ex ante to buffer against adverse weather and health shocks. The relatively high prevalence rate of HIV/AIDS in Kenya combined with rain fed agriculture implies great uncertainty for rural livelihoods. Adopting a methodology previously used on cross-sectional data (Paxson, 1992), the paper examines the level of households precautionary behaviour. This is done by estimating the marginal propensity to save out of transitory income over a period of 18 months. The results show that while households may exhibit some level of prudence, the marginal propensity to save out of transitory income is about a third of what the permanent income...

Enhancing food and livelihood security in the context of the food and financial crisis: challenges and opportunities for small scale rainwater harvesting and conservation

Palavras-chave: Household; Shocks; Savings; HIV/AIDS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52151

Baiphethi, Mompati N.; Viljoen, Machiel F.; Kundhlande, Godfrey; Ralehlolo, N.G..

The world recently experienced the food and financial crisis. The food crisis was an indicator of the challenges towards sufficiently feeding an increasing world population. Food production through rainfed and irrigated agriculture account for the bulk of the freshwater used globally but the water is still sufficient to meet the MDG goal on hunger reduction. Agricultural water management is thus an important challenge for feeding humanity; creates the need to find sustainable methods of managing water that will include all water users. Some of these methods include rainwater harvesting which has great potential in increasing food production as compared to irrigation. This paper aims to identify challenges and opportunities for small scale rainwater...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food security; Livelihoods; Rainwater harvesting; Household; Yield; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96640

Estimation of household demand for goods and services in California's dynamic revenue analysis model

Berck, Peter; Hess, Peter; Smith, Bruce.

Estructura del hogar y ahorro durante el ciclo de vida: evidencia de las cohortes peruanas

Palavras-chave: Aids models; Consumers' demand; Household; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43916

Saavedra, Jaime; Valdivia, Martin.

En este documento analizamos la evidencia empírica acerca de los arreglos intergeneracionales de coresidencia y el ahorro familiar para luego discutir alguna de sus implicancias de política. A partir del seguimiento de cohortes a lo largo de cuatro rondas (1985-1986, 1991, 1994, 1997) de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares sobre Medición de Niveles de Vida (ENNIV), utilizamos dos estrategias de identificación que diferencien los efectos edad, cohorte y año para las variables de interés.

Evaluation de la fiabilité de la consommation de poisson comme indicateur des captures de poissons récifaux dans les petites îles du Pacifique : l’exemple de l’île d’Ouvéa en Nouvelle-Calédonie

Palavras-chave: Hogar; Familia; Ingresos de hogares; Ahorro; Perú; Household; Household income; Savings; Peru; Consumer/Household Economics; E25.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37748

ArchiMer

Leopold, M; Ferraris, J; Labrosse, Pierre.

Fishing pressure on reef fish stocks, in relation to exploitable biomass, is a useful parameter for fishery resource management but difficult to assess in subsistence fisheries. A methodology for indirect fishery output assessment in island environments is proposed based on estimates of consumption and the relevant seafood trade. Ouvea atoll in the South Pacific (Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia), where subsistence fishing is the main activity, was used as the IPF experimental site. A consumer survey of the islands' households was conducted in June 2000. The sampling plan was determined on the basis of data already available on the population concerned, making it possible to give quantitative and qualitative information on catches. Total catch is estimated...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Consumer survey; Subsistence fishery; Coral reef resources; Household; Indicator.

Ano: 2004

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00608/71966/70662.pdf

Food Sources and Accessibility and Waste Disposal Patterns across an Urban Tropical Watershed: Implications for the Flow of Materials and Energy

Ecology and Society

Garcia-Montiel, Diana C.; Institute For Tropical Ecosystem Studies; dgarcia@ites.upr.edu.

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Household; Nutrient cycling; San Juan ULTRA; Social-ecological systems; Urban biogeochemistry; Urban ecology; Urban metabolism; Watershed.

Ano: 2014

Género y agua en la microcuenca La joya, Querétaro, Qro.

Colegio de Postgraduados

Contreras Contreras, Elsa Angélica.

México se caracteriza por ser un sistema marcado por las desigualdades en la disponibilidad, acceso y control del agua, así como por un uso ineficiente de este recurso. El acceso no depende solamente de la abundancia o escasez natural del recurso, sino de otros factores que se relacionan con la forma en que la sociedad está organizada, quiénes toman las decisiones y con base en qué criterios se maneja y se distribuye el recurso. Los objetivos de investigación planteados fueron analizar de qué manera la mala distribución del agua afecta a hombres y mujeres; determinar si el género, la edad y el estrato social de las mujeres influyen en su uso y manejo e identificar las estrategias que llevan a cabo para el uso y manejo del agua en la microcuenca La Joya,...

Palavras-chave: Microcuenca; Género; Agua; Doméstico; Productivo; Sub-basin; Gender; Water; Household; Productive; Maestría; Desarrollo Rural.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/413

Horticultural Households Profit Optimization and the Efficiency of Labour Contract Choice

Ndoye Niane, Aifa Fatimata; Burger, Kees; Bulte, Erwin H..

In agriculture, the coexistence of different forms of land tenancy or labour contract has been explained so far by several theories related to Marshallian inefficiency, incentives, risk sharing, and transaction costs, including supervision costs. These theories and the empirical evidences have greatly contributed to explain the reasons behind land tenancy or labour contract choice. This study follows up on this. Moreover, it intends to take a further step by focusing particularly on the production technologies at plot level, and by designing and testing a theoretical model based on household profit optimization. This model will take into account the supervision costs of labour (i) to compare optimum profit derived from plots based on household labour, a...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Land tenancy; Labour; Sharecropping; Wage; Contract; Supervision; Household; Profit optimization; Efficient; Irrigation equipment; Horticulture; Senegal; Agricultural Finance.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95776

How Can Micro-Level Household Information Make a Difference for Agricultural Policy Making: Selected Examples from the KAMPAP Survey of Smallholder Agriculture and Non Farm Activities for Selected Districts in Kenya

Argwings-Kodhek, Gem; Jayne, Thomas S.; Nyambane, Gerald G.; Awuor, Tom; Yamano, Takashi.

Agriculture forms the foundation of Kenya’s economy. However, the information base on agriculture % including basic indicators on farmers’ input, production, and marketing behavior, household food consumption patterns, etc. % is weak and largely outdated. Agricultural policy is largely made on the basis of conventional wisdom about the way things work. In a dynamic, evolving economy, long-standing perceptions may become increasingly inconsistent with current reality, particularly when the system has been exposed to dramatic changes such as structural adjustment, market liberalization, and the advent of new technology. In such a setting, entrenched perceptions about the way farmers, traders and consumers actually behave may lead to unintended and even...

Measuring the Impact of Public and Private Assets on Household Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005

Palavras-chave: Kenya; Agricultural policy; Food security; Household; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q12.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57056

Mather, David; Donovan, Cynthia; Boughton, Duncan.

This brief summarizes detailed analysis of the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique from 2002 to 2005. Increased crop income is associated with increases in household land area, use of animal traction, crop diversification into tobacco or cotton, access to market price information, and access to extension agents (for tobacco/cotton growers). Decreases in crop income are associated with drought. Results demonstrate that there are both public and private investments that can enhance farmers’ ability to increase crop income and avoid losses. Priority investments include: development and dissemination of drought-resistant varieties for maize and cassava, conservation farming, animal traction, market information, access to high-value crops...

Medição do Impacto dos Bens Públicos e Privados sobre os Rendimentos Familiares Provenientes de Culturas em Moçambique Rural, 2002-2005

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Assets; Household; Rural; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56805

Mather, David; Donovan, Cynthia; Boughton, Duncan.

Molecular characterization of feline calicivirus variants from multicat household and public animal shelter in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56804

BJM

Pereira,Joylson de Jesus; Baumworcel,Natasha; Fioretti,Júlia Monassa; Domingues,Cinthya Fonseca; Moraes,Laís Fernandes de; Marinho,Robson dos Santos Souza; Vieira,Maria Clara Rodrigues; Pinto,Ana Maria Viana; de Castro,Tatiana Xavier.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to perform the molecular characterization of conserved and variable regions of feline calicivirus capsid genome in order to investigate the molecular diversity of variants in Brazilian cat population. Twenty-six conjunctival samples from cats living in five public short-term animal shelters and three multicat life-long households were analyzed. Fifteen cats had conjunctivitis, three had oral ulceration, eight had respiratory signs (cough, sneeze and nasal discharge) and nine were asymptomatic. Feline calicivirus were isolated in CRFK cells and characterized by reverse transcription PCR target to both conserved and variable regions of open reading frame 2. The amplicons obtained were sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article

Palavras-chave: Conjunctivitis; FCV genogroup; Household; Molecular characterization; Shelter.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822018000400777

Mudanças nos Padrões dos Rendimentos de Agregados Familiares Rurais em Moçambique de 1996 a 2002 e suas Implicações para a Contribuição da Agricultura para a Redução da Pobreza

Boughton, Duncan; Mather, David; Tschirley, David L.; Walker, Thomas S.; Cunguara, Benedito; Payongayong, Ellen M..

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique

Profil de pauvreté et filets de sécurité des riziculteurs dans les zones d’introduction des NERICA au Togo : cas de la région des plateaux

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household; Income; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56067

Komi, Tsogonnin.

Cette étude vise à évaluer l’état de pauvreté des riziculteurs en vue d’apprécier leurs capacités de gestion des risques auxquels ils sont exposés. Une enquête a permis de collecter des données dans 14 villages sur un échantillon de 183 ménages riziculteurs dans la région des plateaux au Togo. La formule de Foster Greer et de Thorbecke (FGT) a été utilisée pour calculer les indicateurs de pauvreté au sein de ces ménages. Les indicateurs de pauvreté sont élevés et témoignent l’extrême pauvreté qui règne au sein de ces ménages. L’incidence de la pauvreté, la profondeur de la pauvreté et la sévérité de la pauvreté sont respectivement 92,59%, 14,90% et 7,51% pour les producteurs de NERICA contre 96,15%, 32,50% et 12,73% pour les autres producteurs. Les...

PROFIL DE PAUVRETE ET FILETS DE SECURITE DES RIZICULTEURS DANS LES ZONES D’INTRODUCTION DES NERICA AU TOGO: cas des régions du nord-Togo

Palavras-chave: Pauvreté; Dépenses de consommations; Ménage; NERICA; Risque; Filets de sécurité; Poverty; Consumer expenditure; Household; NERICA; Risk; Safety nets; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97091

Gnatoulouma, Takpa; Koffi-Tessio, Egnonto M.; Diagne, Aliou.

La présente étude a pour objectif une évaluation de l’état de pauvreté des riziculteurs du nord-Togo dans les zones d’introduction des NERICA en vue d’apprécier leurs capacités de résistance aux risques naturels et économiques. Pour parvenir à cette fin, des données primaires collectées sur la base d’une enquête effectuée auprès de 255 ménages dans 20 villages dans les régions centrale et de la Kara, ont été analysées par la méthode de FOSTER GREER et THORBECKE basée sur les dépenses de consommation. L’incidence, la profondeur et la sévérité, sont respectivement de 88,37%, 31% et 12,98%. Le niveau de pauvreté est pratiquement le même aussi bien chez les producteurs de NERICA que les producteurs des variétés. The present study’s objective is an evaluation...